Influence of Multiple Factors on Compressive Strength of Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Concrete
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摘要: 为了解西部地区氯氧镁水泥混凝土的抗压强度以及田口方法在混凝土配合比中的适应性，针对活性MgO与MgCl2摩尔比、粉煤灰、耐水性改性剂和减水剂对氯氧镁水泥混凝土抗压强度的影响进行了研究，确定了各因素对氯氧镁水泥混凝土抗压强度的影响程度，并量化表征，提出了多因素共同作用氯氧镁水泥混凝土抗压强度信噪比的多元非线性回归模型. 研究结果表明，最优氯氧镁水泥混凝土28 d抗压强度设计组合为：摩尔比为5.4，不掺粉煤灰，耐水性改性剂为1%磷酸，减水剂为1%，各因素影响程度从大到小的顺序为：减水剂、粉煤灰、摩尔比、耐水性改性剂. 最优氯氧镁水泥混凝土长期抗压强度设计组合为：摩尔比为5.4，不掺粉煤灰，耐水性改性剂为2%磷肥，减水剂为1%，各因素影响程度从大到小的顺序为：摩尔比、粉煤灰、耐水性改性剂、减水剂.Abstract: The compressive strength of magnesium oxychloride cement concrete in western regions of China was studied. The adaptability of the Taguchi method in mix proportion design of concrete was also studied. The effects on the compressive strength of magnesium oxychloride cement concrete were studied utilizing the following variables: molar ratio of active MgO to MgCl2, fly ash, water resistance modifier, and the percent of water reducer. Through quantifiable characterization, the impact of these variables on the compressive strength of magnesium oxychloride cement concrete was determined. A multivariate nonlinear regression model was proposed to determine the signal-to-noise ratio of magnesium oxychloride cement concrete. When designing for the 28 day compressive strength, it was concluded that the optimum magnesium oxychloride cement concrete composition is as follows: molar ratio is 5.4, no fly ash, 1% phosphoric acid as a water resistance modifier, and 1% water reducing agent. The impact of the variables from largest to smallest is as follows: water reducer, fly ash, molar ratio, and percent of water resistance modifier. However, when designing for the long-term compressive strength, the optimal composition of magnesium oxychloride cement concrete is as follows: molar ratio is 5.4, no fly ash, 2% phosphate fertilizer as the water resistance modifier, and 1% water reducing agent. The impact of these variables also changes, and the effects in order from largest to smallest are: molar ratio, fly ash, water-resistant modifier, and water-reducing agent percentage.
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表 1 轻烧氧化镁化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of light-burned magnesia
化学成分 MgO 活性
MgOSiO2 CaO 烧失量 其余 wB/% 90.0 48.6 3.2 1.1 3.8 1.9 
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表 2 工业氯化镁化学成分
Table 2. Chemical composition of industrial magnesium chloride
化学成分 MgCl2•6H2O K + Na CaCl2 SO42– 其余 wB/% 96.0 1.2 0.4 0.2 2.2
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表 3 粉煤灰化学成分
Table 3. Chemical composition of fly ash
化学成分 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 烧失量 其余 wB/% 54.32 20.93 9.43 5.30 1.19 0.41 3.26 5.16
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表 4 砂和石性能指标
Table 4. Sand and gravel performance indicators
材料 含泥量/% 表现密度/（kg•m–3） 松散堆积密度/（kg•m–3） 紧密堆积密度/（kg•m–3） 空隙率/% 含水率/% 砂 2.40 2 610 1 600 1 640 38.89 2.74 石 0.50 2 780 1 520 1 640 45.30 0.30
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表 5 正交试验因素和水平
Table 5. Orthogonal factor and level
水平 摩尔比 粉煤灰/% 耐水性改性剂 减水剂/% 1 5.4 15 1% 磷酸 1.0 2 6.0 10 1% 磷酸 + 1%磷肥 2.0 3 6.6 0 2% 磷肥 3.5
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表 6 正交表和28 d抗压强度的信噪比
Table 6. Orthogonal array and signal-to-noise ratio of 28 d compressive strength
编号 摩尔比 粉煤灰/% 耐水性改性剂/% 减水剂/% 抗压强度/MPa 信噪比/dB 试块1 试块2 试块3 1 5.4 15 1%磷酸 1.0 35.2 36.0 29.4 30.40 2 5.4 10 1%磷酸 + 1%磷肥 2.0 30.8 24.8 26.2 28.60 3 5.4 0 2%磷肥 3.5 28.4 23.2 22.8 27.76 4 6.0 15 1%磷酸 + 1%磷肥 3.5 15.0 18.2 19.0 24.67 5 6.0 10 2%磷肥 1.0 32.4 33.2 27.6 29.76 6 6.0 0 1%磷酸 2.0 25.4 27.0 30.0 28.72 7 6.6 15 2%磷肥 2.0 23.0 21.0 20.2 26.57 8 6.6 10 1%磷酸 3.5 22.4 26.4 26.8 27.94 9 6.6 0 1%磷酸 + 1%磷肥 1.0 37.0 31.6 31.8 30.42 $\overline {{K}}_1$ 28.92 27.21 29.02 30.19 $\overline {{K}}_2$ 27.72 28.77 27.90 27.96 $\overline {{K}}_3$ 28.31 28.97 28.03 26.79 极差 1.20 1.76 1.12 3.40
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表 7 28 d抗压强度信噪比方差分析表
Table 7. Variance analyses for signal-to-noise ratio of 28 d compressive strength
因素 平方和 自由度 均方和 F P 贡献率/% 摩尔比 6.73 2 3.37 3.60 4.83 × 10–2 4.65 粉煤灰 17.83 2 8.91 9.54 1.49 × 10–3 15.28 耐水性改性剂 5.92 2 2.96 3.17 6.62 × 10–2 3.88 减水剂 57.17 2 28.59 30.61 1.62 × 10–6 52.94 误差 16.81 18 0.93 修正合计 104.46 26
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表 8 正交表和长期抗压强度的信噪比
Table 8. Orthogonal array and signal-to-noise ratio of long-term compressive strength
编号 摩尔比 粉煤灰/% 耐水性改性剂/% 减水剂/% 抗压强度/MPa 信噪比/dB 试块1 试块2 试块3 1 5.4 15 1% 磷酸 1.0 50.74 47.16 50.82 33.89 2 5.4 10 1%磷酸 + 1%磷肥 2.0 44.49 40.67 40.07 32.38 3 5.4 0 2%磷肥 3.5 62.53 69.53 54.82 35.77 4 6.0 15 1%磷酸 + 1%磷肥 3.5 44.08 43.79 43.98 32.86 5 6.0 10 2% 磷肥 1.0 46.42 45.91 45.20 33.22 6 6.0 0 1%磷酸 2.0 42.90 38.85 49.06 32.67 7 6.6 15 2%磷肥 2.0 41.12 32.86 35.78 31.16 8 6.6 10 1%磷酸 3.5 29.92 29.83 25.10 28.94 9 6.6 0 1%磷酸 + 1%磷肥 1.0 45.41 39.82 37.89 32.19 $\overline {{K}}_1$ 34.01 32.64 31.83 33.10 $\overline {{K}}_2$ 32.92 31.51 32.48 32.07 $\overline {{K}}_3$ 30.76 33.54 33.38 32.52 极差 3.25 2.03 1.55 1.03
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表 9 长期抗压强度信噪比方差分析表
Table 9. Variance analyses for signal-to-noise ratio for long-term compressive strength
因素 平方和 自由度 均方和 F P 贡献率/% 摩尔比 48.50 2 24.25 44.72 1.04 × 10–7 51.02 粉煤灰/% 19.28 2 9.64 17.78 5.47 × 10–5 19.58 耐水性改性剂 10.94 2 5.47 10.09 1.15 × 10–3 10.61 减水剂/% 4.45 2 2.22 4.10 3.41 × 10–2 3.62 误差 9.76 18 0.54 修正合计 92.93 26
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