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高速列车噪声源声功率与速度的函数关系

朱自未 李牧皛 成功 圣小珍

朱自未, 李牧皛, 成功, 圣小珍. 高速列车噪声源声功率与速度的函数关系[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2020, 55(2): 290-298. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180023
引用本文: 朱自未, 李牧皛, 成功, 圣小珍. 高速列车噪声源声功率与速度的函数关系[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2020, 55(2): 290-298. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180023
ZHU Ziwei, LI Muxiao, CHENG Gong, SHENG Xiaozhen. Functional Relationships between Sound Powers Radiated from Noise Sources of High-Speed Train and Its Speed[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(2): 290-298. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180023
Citation: ZHU Ziwei, LI Muxiao, CHENG Gong, SHENG Xiaozhen. Functional Relationships between Sound Powers Radiated from Noise Sources of High-Speed Train and Its Speed[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(2): 290-298. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180023

高速列车噪声源声功率与速度的函数关系

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180023
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项(2016YFE0205200);高铁联合基金课题(U1434201)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    朱自未(1993—),男,助理工程师,研究方向为轨道交通振动噪声控制,E-mail:406081194@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    圣小珍(1962—),男,教授,研究方向为振动噪声理论,E-mail:shengxiaozhen@hotmail.com

  • 中图分类号: U270.7;X827

Functional Relationships between Sound Powers Radiated from Noise Sources of High-Speed Train and Its Speed

  • 摘要: 为了解决既有对数经验公式无法拟合高速列车显著声源贡献率与速度的函数关系这一问题,使用轮辐声阵列进行高速列车车外声源识别试验;根据显著声源位置对列车表面进行区域划分,量化分析显著声源区域的声功率级和声功率贡献率与速度之间的关系;在既有对数经验公式的基础上,根据不同种类噪声声功率随速度的变化特性,建立新的拟合公式;结合列车噪声测试数据对新的拟合公式进行验证. 研究结果表明:列车以350 km/h运行时,下部区域对列车总辐射噪声的贡献率占70%以上,升弓区域对局部区域声功率的影响最显著,超过50%;随着速度的增长,下部区域的贡献率逐渐减小,弓网区域逐渐增大,显著声源区域的贡献率变化先快后慢,最后趋于稳定;利用新的拟合方法得出,列车声源区域的声功率级和声功率贡献率与速度的拟合度基本都在0.9以上.

     

  • 图 1  阵列麦克风安装布置

    Figure 1.  Setup of the microphone array

    图 2  350 km/h运行时车外声源声强云图

    Figure 2.  Cloud picture of sound intensity at 350 km/h

    图 3  声源分区

    Figure 3.  Divided regions of sound source

    图 4  声源细化分区

    Figure 4.  Refined divided regions of sound source

    图 5  350 km/h 速度时车外噪声变化

    Figure 5.  External noise vs. time at 350 km/h

    图 6  声功率随速度演变趋势

    Figure 6.  Tendency chart of sound power vs. speed

    图 7  既有方法拟合声功率级-速度曲线

    Figure 7.  Evolution of contribution ratio vs. speed under the existing method

    图 8  既有方法拟合贡献率随速度演变规律

    Figure 8.  Evolution of contribution ratio vs. speed under the existing method

    图 9  新方法拟合声功率级-速度曲线

    Figure 9.  Fitting of sound power level vs. speed under the advanced method

    图 10  贡献率随速度演变规律曲线

    Figure 10.  Evolution of contribution ratio vs. speed

    图 11  速度超过350 km/h后各区域贡献率趋势预测图

    Figure 11.  Trend chart of each regions beyond 350 km/h

    表  1  声源区域范围

    Table  1.   Regions of sound source m

    区域高度方向长度方向
    下部−0.5~1.0 0~212
    车体1.0~4.00~209
    车顶4.0~4.26~203
    弓网4.2~6.06~203
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  声源细化分区范围

    Table  2.   Refined divided regions of sound source

    区域高度方向/m长度方向
    弓网 3.7~6.0 声强最大值前后 3.0 m
    转向架 −0.5~1.0 转向架中心前后 2.5 m
    排障器 −0.5~1.0 0 ~第一个转向架前
    风挡 0.2~4.2 车厢连接中心前后 1.0 m
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  式(1)拟合参数

    Table  3.   Fitting parameters of eq. (1)

    区域速度范围/(km•h−1AiBi
    整车 45 ≤ V ≤ 220 15.51 87.48
    220 < V ≤ 350 36.62 37.82
    下部 45 ≤ V ≤ 220 13.91 90.56
    220 < V ≤ 350 30.95 51.06
    升弓 45 ≤ V ≤ 350 56.38 −21.87
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  新方法拟合参数表

    Table  4.   Fitting parameters of the new method

    区域ai/× 10−15bi/× 10−17ci
    整车3.9224.000.50
    下部1.3823.500.41
    升弓1.04−1.040.03
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-01-25
  • 修回日期:  2018-06-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-01-06
  • 刊出日期:  2020-04-01

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