Test on the Stability of Soft Rock Tunnel with High Ground Stress Field Influenced by Direction of Maximum Horizontal Principle Stress
-
摘要: 为探明高地应力场主应力方向对软岩隧道围岩稳定性的影响规律，采用自主研发的"隧道三维应力场模拟试验系统"开展了大型三维地质力学模型试验，研究了最大水平主应力与隧道轴线平行和垂直两种工况下软岩隧道的围岩稳定性.研究结果表明：最大水平主应力与隧道轴线平行时，拱顶沉降和拱脚收敛的最终值分别为-0.221 m和-0.454 m，拱顶、左拱脚、右拱脚和仰拱处的围岩压力分别为0.478、0.361、0.416 MPa和0.261 MPa；最大水平主应力与隧道轴线垂直时，拱顶沉降和拱脚收敛的最终值分别为-0.309 m和-0.548 m，拱顶、左拱脚、右拱脚和仰拱处的围岩压力分别为0.579、0.652、0.593 MPa和0.327 MPa；两种工况下，围岩压力的最小值均出现在仰拱处、最大值均出现在墙脚处，围岩的径向应变增量均为拉应变增量，切向应变增量均为压应变增量，说明隧道开挖导致洞周围岩径向应力减小、切向应力集中.Abstract: In order to study the influence of the principal stress in a high ground stress field on the stability of surrounding rock in soft rock tunnels, a completely self-developed test system "3D geotechnical model test system for tunnels" was used to conduct the large-scale three-dimensional geological mechanics model test. In this research, the stability of surrounding rock in soft rock tunnels under two conditions, when the maximum horizontal principal stress is parallel and perpendicular to the tunnel axis, was investigated. The results show that when the maximum horizontal principal stress is parallel to the tunnel axis, the final values of vault settlement and horizontal convergence of the arch foot are -0.221 and -0.454 m, respectively; and the values of surrounding rock pressure at the vault, left arch foot, right arch foot, and invert are 0.478, 0.361, 0.416, and 0.261 MPa, respectively. When the maximum horizontal principal stress is perpendicular to the tunnel axis, the final values of the vault settlement and horizontal convergence of the arch foot are -0.309 and -0.548 m, respectively; and the values of surrounding rock pressure at the vault, left arch foot, right arch foot, and invert are 0.579, 0.652, 0.593, and 0.327 MPa, respectively. In both cases, the minimum values of the surrounding rock pressure are observed at the invert while the maximum values of the surrounding rock pressure are observed at the wall foot; the radial strain increment in surrounding rock is tensile, and tangential strain increment is compressive, indicating that the excavation of the tunnel leads to a decrease in radial stress and an increase of tangential stress.
-
图 19 初期支护与围岩之间的径向接触压力(单位:MPa)
Figure 19. Radial contact pressure between the primary support and surrounding rock (unit: MPa)
图 20 开挖引起的洞周围岩应变增量
Figure 20. Strain increment of surrounding rock caused by tunnel excavation
表 1 初始地应力场模拟方案
Table 1. Simulation of in-situ stress field
MPa 工况 地应力 竖向 与轴线垂直水平方向 与轴线平行水平方向 1 16.4 13.26 22.05 2 16.4 22.05 13.26 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 原型和模型材料的力学参数
Table 2. Mechanical parameters of prototype and model materials
材料
类型容重/
(kN·m-3)弹性
模量/GPa黏聚力/
MPa内摩擦
角/(°)泊松
比原型 20 2.000 0.125 0 29 0.4 模型 20 0.057 0.003 6 29 0.4
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 围岩相似材料的配比(质量比)
Table 3. Mixture ratio of similar material for rock(mass ratio)
重晶石粉 粉煤灰 河砂 石英砂 凡士林 松香 机油 1.000 3.878 0.666 0.686 0.020 0.062 0.812
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 液压千斤顶的设计出力
Table 4. Design output of hydraulic jack
MPa 工况 前后面千斤顶 左右面千斤顶 上下面千斤顶 1 7.3 7.5 7.0 2 4.4 12.4 7.0
下载: 导出CSV
-
赵旭峰, 王春苗, 孔祥利.深部软岩隧道施工性态时空效应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2007, 26(2):404-409. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2007.02.024ZHAO Xufeng, WANG Chunmiao, KONG Xiangli. Analysis of time-space effects of construction behavior of deep soft rock tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2007, 26(2):404-409. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2007.02.024 朱维申, 何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学[M].北京:科学出版社, 1995:5-7. 朱以文, 黄克戬, 李伟.地应力对地下洞室开挖的塑性区影响研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, 23(8):1344-1348. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2004.08.021ZHU Yiwen, HUANG Kejian, LI Wei. Study on effect of in-situ stress on plastic region induced by excavation of underground openings[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(8):1344-1348. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2004.08.021 张德华, 刘士海, 任少强.基于围岩-支护特征理论的高地应力软岩隧道初期支护选型研究[J].土木工程学报, 2015, 48(1):139-148. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10004-1015558336.htmZHANG Dehua, LIU Shihai, REN Shaoqiang. Research on selection of preliminary support for tunnel in high ground-stress soft rock based on surrounding rock-support characteristic curve theory[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2015, 48(1):139-148. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10004-1015558336.htm 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. JTG/T D70-2010公路隧道设计细则[S].北京: 人民交通出版社, 2010. 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. DL/J 5195-2004水工隧洞设计规范[S].北京: 中国电力出版社, 2004. 范秋雁.选择巷道合理开挖方向的力学分析[J].煤炭学报, 1990, 15(3):62-71. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK000005793048FAN Qiuyan. Mechanical analysis for choosing optimal orientation of underground opening[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 1990, 15(3):62-71. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK000005793048 戚蓝, 马启超.在地应力场分析的基础上探讨地下洞室长轴向选取和围岩稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2000, 19(增刊1):1120-1123. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2000z1065QI Lan, MA Qichao. On the selection of longitudinal direction and stability of underground opening based on the analysis of in-situ stress field[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2000, 19(Sup.1):1120-1123. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2000z1065 孙玉福.水平应力对巷道围岩稳定性的影响[J].煤炭学报, 2010, 35(6):891-895. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/kyyjykf200801023SUN Yufu. Affects of in-situ horizontal stress on stability of surrounding rock roadway[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2010, 35(6):891-895. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/kyyjykf200801023 郑书兵.寺河煤矿三维地应力场分布和巷道布置优化[J].煤炭学报, 2010, 35(5):717-722. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK201001098491ZHENG Shubing. 3D geostress field distribution and roadway layout optimization in Sihe mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2010, 35(5):717-722. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK201001098491 陈庆发, 周永亮, 安佳丽.复杂裂隙岩体环境下巷道轴线走向优化研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(增刊1):2735-2742. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX2014S1021.htmCHEN Qingfa, ZHOU Yongliang, AN Jiali. Study of optimization for axis strike of roadway under environment of complex fractured rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(Sup.1):2735-2742. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX2014S1021.htm 李曼, 马平, 孙强.洞室轴线走向与初始地应力关系对围岩稳定性的影响[J].铁道建筑, 2011(7):70-72. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/tdjz201107023LI Man, MA Ping, SUN Qiang. The influence of the relationship between the cavity axis direction and initial stress to surrounding rocks stability[J]. Railway Engineering, 2011(7):70-72. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/tdjz201107023 王俊奇, 颜月霞.地应力对洞室轴线布置影响的二维数值分析[J].长江科学院院报, 2009, 26(7):33-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2009.07.009WANG Junqi, YAN Yuexia. 2-D numerical analysis on influence of in-situ stress on tunnel axis orientation[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2009, 26(7):33-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2009.07.009 王俊奇, 何本国, 张有天, 等.深埋隧道轴线合理布置与衬砌结构稳定性研究[J].工程力学, 2015, 32(12):188-197. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/95324X/201512/666964215.htmlWANG Junqi, HE Benguo, ZHANG Youtian, et al. Study on the axis orientation and stability of linings for deep tunnels[J]. Engineering Mechanical, 2015, 32(12):188-197. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/95324X/201512/666964215.html 何本国, 张志强, 何川, 等.构造应力场中的软岩客运专线双线隧道稳定性研究[J].岩土力学, 2012, 33(5):1535-1541. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2012.05.040HE Benguo, ZHANG Zhiqiang, HE Chuan, et al. Study of stability of two-lane soft rock tunnel for high-speed passenger railway in tectonic geo-stress[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2012, 33(5):1535-1541. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2012.05.040 中国地震局地壳应力研究所.四川省绵茂公路蓝家岩隧道水压致裂应力测量报告[R].北京: 中国地震局地壳应力研究所, 2011. 四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院.绵竹至茂县公路(茂县段)蓝家岩隧道A标段蓝家岩隧道地应力测试报告[R].成都: 四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院, 2015. 何川, 佘健.高速公路隧道维修与加固[M].北京:人民交通出版社, 2006:69-71. ORESTE P P. A numerical approach to the hyperstatic reaction method for the dimensioning of tunnel supports[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2007, 22(2):185-205. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2006.05.002 王汉鹏, 李术才, 郑学芬, 等.地质力学模型试验新技术研究进展及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(增刊1):2765-2771. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2009z1027WANG Hanpeng, LI Shucai, ZHENG Xuefen, et al. Geomechanical model test new technology research development and its engineering application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2009, 28(Sup.1):2765-2771. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2009z1027 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(20) / 表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 615
- HTML全文浏览量: 247
- PDF下载量: 205
- 被引次数: 0