Multi-View Image Precise Texture Mapping Method Based on Frame Buffer
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摘要: 三维建筑物模型纹理映射方法通常针对单独平面选取单一影像投影，然而单张关联影像通常存在部分遮挡问题，影响纹理映射质量. 为此，本文提出一种基于帧缓存纹理绘制技术的多角度影像精准纹理映射方法. 首先将单体化精细建筑模型和倾斜摄影测量解决方案生成的三角网模型配准，再根据建筑模型空间特征进行纹理绘制基元提取；然后根据纹理绘制基元对三角网模型生成虚拟渲染相机，利用帧缓存纹理绘制方法，获取帧缓存对象并提取纹理，最后通过纹理绘制基元映射到精细建筑物模型表面，实现三角网模型到精细单体化建筑模型的自动纹理映射. 利用倾斜摄影测量数据进行实验，实验结果表明，相比传统方法，本文方法减少了14%以上的不良纹理比率，纹理空间压缩率达到14.21%，且具有更精确的纹理映射效果，能满足精细建筑模型的纹理重建需求.Abstract: Detailed texture mapping methods for building 3D models normally select the best matching image for each single face. However, face associated single images often have partial occlusion problems that impact the quality of mapped textures. An accurate multi-view image texture mapping method based on frame buffer rendering is presented here. First, the coordinates of the single independent building model and the triangle mesh model produced using oblique photogrammetric data were registered. Following this, rendering primitives based on spatial characteristics of the single independent building model were extracted. Subsequently, rendering cameras for the triangle mesh model were established depending on the rendering primitives. Using the Render to Texture (RTT) method, textures corresponding to rendering primitives from a frame buffer object (FBO) are obtained while rendering the triangle mesh model using the rendering cameras. Finally, the textures of the surface of a detailed building model were remapped using rendering primitives, and automatic texture mapping was achieved from the triangle mesh model to form a detailed single independent building model. The usage of oblique photogrammetry data demonstrates that the occupation of the defective textures is reduced by over 14% using our proposed method compared to the traditional method, and the size of the textures were compressed to 14.21% with more accurate texture mapping quality, thereby satisfying the texture reconstruction requirements for a detailed building model.
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Key words:
- photogrammetry /
- detailed building 3D reconstruction /
- frame buffer /
- texture mapping /
- computer vision
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图 5 直接映射和包围盒间接映射效果对比
Figure 5. Comparison between texture mapping directly and via bounding box
图 7 三角网模型与基于帧缓存方法映射的建筑模型纹理组织差异
Figure 7. Comparison of texture primitives between the triangle mesh model and the model processed with our proposed method
图 11 纹理打包前后模型对比
Figure 11. Comparison of the model textures before and after texture packing
表 1 模型纹理对比
Table 1. Comparison between model textures
模型 纹理基元类型 纹理基元/个 纹理/张 不良纹理比率/% 纹理可否编辑 三角网 不规则三角格网 约60 000 1 否 基于影像方法纹理映射 面元 541 541 > 20 是 基于帧缓存方法纹理映射 纹理绘制基元 349 1 < 6 是 
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