多孔介质海床对单桩所受波浪力的影响分析

陈林雅; 廖晨聪; 段伦良; 郑东生

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20170800

多孔介质海床对单桩所受波浪力的影响分析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20170800

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目资助项目（41176073）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2682017QY02）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈林雅（1990—），女，博士研究生，研究方向为桥梁基础流固土耦合动力学及长期服役安全控制，E-mail：chenlinya01@yeah.net

通讯作者:
郑东生（1964—），男，教授，博士，研究方向为波浪-海床-结构物相互作用理论，E-mail：dsjeng@home.swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V221.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-11-10
- 修回日期: 2018-04-03
- 网络出版日期: 2018-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-01

Influence of Porous Seabed Characteristics on Wave Forces Acting on Monopile

摘要

摘要: 为研究多孔介质海床的波浪衰减作用及单桩所受波浪力的变化规律，采用修正RANS方程和Forchheimer饱和阻力模型控制多孔介质内部流体流动，运用流体体积法追踪自由液面，建立波浪-多孔介质海床-单桩相互作用三维数值分析模型. 首先，基于波浪与多孔介质海床相互作用过程，研究了多孔介质海床对波浪传播的衰减作用；其次，分析了相同波浪条件下多孔介质海床及刚性海床时单桩所受波浪力的数值变化，突出了考虑海床多孔特性的必要性；最后，采用单一变量控制法，进一步研究了单桩所受波浪力数值随海床多孔特性参数的变化规律. 研究结果表明，海床多孔特性对波浪传播具有明显的衰减作用；给定的波浪参数和多孔介质海床条件下，单桩所受波浪力最大值比刚性海床情况提高约35%，若忽略海床多孔特性结构物会因低估波浪力数值而造成安全隐患；另外，结构物所受波浪力与海床孔隙率、颗粒直径、海床厚度及双层海床分布厚度及每层孔隙率密切相关. 其中，波浪力最大值随着海床颗粒直径的增加而递减，随着孔隙率的增大先增加后降低，且孔隙率会影响波浪力随海床厚度变化的趋势.
- 多孔介质海床 /
- 孔隙率 /
- 颗粒直径 /
- 波浪力 /
- 数值分析
Abstract: This study investigated the wave attenuation and wave forces acting on the monopile due to porosity characteristics of the seabed. A three-dimensional numerical analysis model of wave-porous seabed-monopile-interactions is established, in which the modified Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation and Forchheimer saturation drag model are used to control porous flow, while the fluid volume method (VOF) is used to track free surface. Based on the proposed model, wave attenuation induced by porous seabed is first studied, taking into consideration the interaction between waves and porous seabed. Second, the numerical variation of the wave forces acting on the monopile under the same wave action with porous seabed or rigid seabed is analysed, highlighting the necessity of considering the porous characteristics of the seabed. Finally, the influence of the seabed porous characteristics on the numerical variation of the wave forces is further studied using the single variable control method. The numerical results show that the porous characteristics of the seabed have obvious attenuation effect on wave propagation. Additionally, under the given wave parameters and the characteristics of the porous seabed, the maximum wave forces acting on the monopile is about 35% higher than that of the rigid seabed. This suggests that ignoring the porous characteristics of seabed will result in an underestimation of the wave forces and could cause security risks. In addition, the wave forces acting on the structure are closely related to the porous characteristics of the seabed. The results show that the maximum wave forces decrease as the particle size increases, while increasing first and then decreasing with an increase of porosity. One thing to note is that porosity affects the variation trend of wave forces acting on monopile changing with seabed thickness.
- porous seabed /
- porosity /
- particle size /
- wave forces /
- numerical analysis

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图 1 桩基式海上风机

Figure 1. Pile foundation type offshore wind turbine

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图 2 波浪-多孔介质海床-单桩相互作用三维示意

Figure 2. 3D sketch of wave-porous seabed-monopile- interactions

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图 3 多孔介质孔隙流动体积平均法示意

Figure 3. Sketch of pore volume average method forporous media

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图 4 海绵层消波原理

Figure 4. Wave attenuation of sponge layer

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图 5 网格划分及FAVOR显示图

Figure 5. Mesh generation and FAVOR display

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图 6 数值波剖面对比结果

Figure 6. Comparision of numerical wave profiles

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图 7 波浪沿多孔介质海床衰减数值结果与相应试验结果对比

Figure 7. Comparison of numerical results for wave dampingalong the porous seabed with the correspondingexperimental results

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图 8 单桩所受波浪力时程曲线

Figure 8. Time history curves of wave forces acting on monopile

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图 9 F_x，max随海床孔隙率的变化曲线

Figure 9. Variation curve of maximum wave force inthe x axis with seabed porosity

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图 10 F_x的时程曲线

Figure 10. Time history curves of wave force in the x axis

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图 11 F_x，max随多孔介质海床颗粒直径的变化曲线

Figure 11. Variation curve of maximum wave force in the x axis with partical size

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图 12 不同海床孔隙率条件下F_x，max随海床相对厚度的变化曲线

Figure 12. Variation curves of maximum wave force inthe x axis with seabed relative thickness with different seabed porosity

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图 13 不同双层海床孔隙率特性下F_x，max随海床厚度的变化曲线

Figure 13. Variation curves of maximum wave force in the x axis with seabed thickness with different porosity in two-layered seabed

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