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碰撞前车速计算误差的成因及处理方法

张健 张鑫 李江

张健, 张鑫, 李江. 碰撞前车速计算误差的成因及处理方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2019, 54(5): 1073-1078. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20170562
引用本文: 张健, 张鑫, 李江. 碰撞前车速计算误差的成因及处理方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2019, 54(5): 1073-1078. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20170562
ZHANG Jian, ZHANG Xin, LI Jiang. Origin and Solution of Pre-crash Speed Calculation Error[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2019, 54(5): 1073-1078. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20170562
Citation: ZHANG Jian, ZHANG Xin, LI Jiang. Origin and Solution of Pre-crash Speed Calculation Error[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2019, 54(5): 1073-1078. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20170562

碰撞前车速计算误差的成因及处理方法

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20170562
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178001)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张健(1961—),男,教授,博士,研究方向为车辆安全,E-mail:zhjdp@126.com

  • 中图分类号: U491.3

Origin and Solution of Pre-crash Speed Calculation Error

  • 摘要: 为准确计算汽车碰撞事故碰撞前车速,基于动量守恒定理的汽车碰撞事故模型,在事故分析中采用反推法求解. 根据事故现场勘查信息,应用运动学公式计算碰撞后车速,再将碰撞后车速代入模型计算碰撞前车速. 以实车碰撞试验对模型计算结果进行检验后,发现用模型计算的碰撞前车速存在误差. 为此以实车碰撞试验为对象,根据模型的求解过程和误差的传递过程,研究了碰撞前车速误差的成因和处理方法,以提高交通事故分析的准确性. 首先,应用矩阵理论研究了碰撞前车速误差的形成原因;其次,应用反推迭代算法建立了碰撞前车速误差的处理方法;最后,通过实例应用验证了该方法的可行性. 研究结果和实例应用表明:用运动学公式计算碰撞后车速所产生的误差是造成碰撞前车速误差的决定性原因,只需对碰撞后车速误差进行简单的1次处理就能使应用该模型计算碰撞前车速所产生的误差归0.

     

  • 图 1  模型坐标系

    Figure 1.  Coordinate systems of models

    图 2  模型1对应的试验现场

    Figure 2.  Trial scene of model 1

    图 3  模型2对应的试验现场

    Figure 3.  Trial scene of model 2

    图 4  模型1对应的方向角误差

    Figure 4.  Direction angle error of model 1

    图 5  模型2对应的方向角误差

    Figure 5.  Direction angle error of model 2

    表  1  试验数据

    Table  1.   Trial data

    试验参数车辆1车辆2
    mj /kg 977 976
    ρj /m 1.220 1.230
    laj)/m −0.530 1(−0.530 1) −0.075 2(−0.075 2)
    ljnbj)/m −0.984 4(0.984 4) 0.739 4(−0.739 4)
    vjn /(m•s−1 −16.581 3(−16.581 3) −4.378 7(−4.378 7)
    v /(m•s−1 −2.284 8(2.284 8) 17.790 0(−17.790 0)
    ωj /(rad•s−1 −5.347 9(5.347 9) −8.021 1(8.021 1)
    vj0n /(m•s−1 −19.598 4(−19.598 4) 0(0)
    vj0τ /(m•s−1 −12.246 4(12.246 4) 22.780 0(−22.780 0)
    ωj0 /(rad•s−1 0(0) 0(0)
      注:括弧中的数值对应模型2.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  力学参数

    Table  2.   Mechanical parameter

    μkεnετ
    −3.651 293−0.736 506−0.508 759−0.892 757
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  碰撞前车速误差的处理过程

    Table  3.   Correction process of pre -crash speed

    模型力学参数算法碰撞后车速碰撞后车速误差碰撞前车速试验结果碰撞前车速误差
    1μ=−3.651 293
    k=−0.736 506


    ${ {{v} }_1} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 16.581\;3} \\ { - 2.284\;8} \\ { - 4.378\;7} \\ {17.790\;0} \\ { - 5.347\;9} \\ { - 8.021\;1} \end{array} } \right]$$\begin{aligned}& { {{v} }_1} - { {{v} }_{11} } = \\& \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } {1.470\;7} \\ {15.608\;0} \\ { - 2.830\;7} \\ { - 10.642\;2} \\ { - 9.633\;1} \\ { - 10.706\;6} \end{array} } \right]\end{aligned}$${ {{v} }_{01} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 18.127\;7} \\ {3.361\;6} \\ { - 2.830\;7} \\ {12.137\;8} \\ { - 9.633\;1} \\ { - 10.706\;6} \end{array} } \right]$$\begin{aligned}& { {{v} }_{01{\rm{T} } } } = \\& \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 19.598\;4} \\ { - 12.246\;4} \\ 0 \\ {22.780\;0} \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array} } \right]\end{aligned}$${ {{v} }_{01} } - { {{v} }_{01{\rm{T} } } } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } {1.470\;7} \\ {15.608\;0} \\ { - 2.830\;7} \\ { - 10.642\;2} \\ { - 9.633\;1} \\ { - 10.706\;6} \end{array} } \right]$

    ${ {{v} }_{11} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 18.052\;0} \\ { - 17.892\;8} \\ { - 1.548\;0} \\ {28.432\;2} \\ {4.285\;2} \\ {2.685\;5} \end{array} } \right]$${ {{v} }_{011} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 19.598\;4} \\ { - 12.246\;4} \\ 0 \\ {22.780\;0} \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array} } \right]$${{{v}}_{011}} - {{{v}}_{01{\rm{T}}}} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}} \right]$
    2εn=
    −0.508 759
    ετ=
    −0.892 757


    ${ {{v} }_2} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 16.581\;3} \\ {2.284\;8} \\ { - 4.378\;7} \\ { - 17.790\;0} \\ {5.347\;9} \\ {8.021\;1} \end{array} } \right]$$\begin{aligned}& { {{v} }_2} - { {{v} }_{21} } = \\& \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 1.619\;3} \\ { - 8.232\;5} \\ {0.262\;4} \\ {3.259\;1} \\ {4.840\;2} \\ {9.097\;7} \end{array} } \right]\end{aligned}$${ {{v} }_{02} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 21.217\;7} \\ {4.013\;9} \\ {0.262\;4} \\ { - 19.520\;9} \\ {4.840\;2} \\ {9.097\;7} \end{array} } \right]$$\begin{aligned}& { {{v} }_{02{\rm{T} } } } = \\& \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 19.598\;4} \\ {12.246\;4} \\ 0 \\ { - 22.780\;0} \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array} } \right]\end{aligned}$${ {{v} }_{02} } - { {{v} }_{21{\rm{T} } } } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 1.619\;3} \\ { - 8.232\;5} \\ {0.262\;4} \\ {3.259\;1} \\ {4.840\;2} \\ {9.097\;7} \end{array} } \right]$


    1
    ${ {{v} }_{21} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 14.962\;0} \\ {10.517\;3} \\ { - 4.641\;1} \\ { - 21.049\;1} \\ {0.507\;7} \\ { - 1.076\;6} \end{array} } \right]$${ {{v} }_{021} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 19.598\;3} \\ {12.246\;4} \\ 0 \\ { - 22.780\;0} \\ {0.000\;1} \\ 0 \end{array} } \right]$${ {{v} }_{021} } - { {{v} }_{02{\rm{T} } } } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } {0.000\;1} \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0.000\;1 \\ 0 \end{array} } \right]$
    εn1=
    −0.508 756
    ετ1=
    −0.892 759


    2
    ${ {{v} }_{21} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 14.962\;0} \\ {10.517\;3} \\ { - 4.641\;1} \\ { - 21.049\;1} \\ {0.507\;7} \\ { - 1.076\;6} \end{array} } \right]$${ {{v} }_{022} } = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c} } { - 19.598\;4} \\ {12.246\;4} \\ 0 \\ { - 22.780\;0} \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array} } \right]$${{{v}}_{022}} - {{{v}}_{02{\rm{T}}}} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}} \right]$
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  力学参数误差

    Table  4.   Mechanical parameter error

    力学参数原始值准确值相对误差/%
    μ−3.651 293−3.651 2930
    k−0.736 506−0.736 5060
    εn−0.508 759−0.508 7560.000 511
    ετ−0.892 757−0.892 7590.000 224
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2017-07-22
  • 修回日期:  2018-10-17
  • 网络出版日期:  2019-09-04
  • 刊出日期:  2019-10-01

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