Research Progress on Building Isolation Based on Electromagnetic Levitation Techniques
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摘要: 隔震是在强烈地震中保护建筑物最有效的技术之一，采用磁悬浮技术对建筑结构进行隔震是结构工程的前沿研究领域，与采用传统橡胶隔震支座的技术相比，磁悬浮技术可以同时实现对隔震结构水平振动和竖向振动的主动控制，但基于磁悬浮技术的建筑隔震研究还相对比较薄弱. 简要回顾了磁悬浮技术的发展历程，详细介绍了磁悬浮隔震的基本原理和工作过程，系统阐述了永磁体轨道-电磁铁、衔铁-电磁铁两种磁悬浮隔震体系的理论研究进展与隔震装置研发情况，指出了磁悬浮隔震技术在建筑结构的实际应用中还有待解决的关键问题，并对今后基于磁悬浮技术的建筑结构隔震研究提出了一些建议.Abstract: Isolation is viewed as one of the most promising technologies to protect buildings from strong earthquakes. The application of electromagnetic levitation techniques for isolation of building structures is a frontier research field in structure engineering. Compared to conventional rubber isolation bearings, an electromagnetic levitation device has an active control capability for both vertical and horizontal isolation of the structures. However, the research on this topic is scarce. Herein, the background and basic concepts of electromagnetic levitation isolation technology is introduced with a focus on the research progress and current development of two electromagnetic levitation isolation systems, namely permanent magnet-electromagnet and armature-electromagnet. Furthermore, some key issues that remain to be addressed in the practical application of electromagnetic levitation isolation are listed. In addition, some suggestions are provided for future research on isolation of building structures based on electromagnetic levitation techniques.
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图 1 基于磁悬浮的建筑隔震工作过程
Figure 1. Process of Electromagnetic Levitation Isolation for Building Structures
图 4 3层磁悬浮隔震装置
Figure 4. Schematic drawing of a three-layer electromagnetic levitation isolation device
图 5 运用涡旋电流阻尼器的隔震装置
Figure 5. Schematic drawing of electromagnetic levitation isolation device with an eddy current damper
图 7 磁悬浮竖向隔震装置
Figure 7. Schematic drawing of electromagnetic levitation vertical isolation device
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