Field Measurements Study on High-Altitude Wind Characteristics of Bridge Site in Deep Gorge
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摘要: 架设在深切峡谷中的大跨度桥梁，由于桥址区地形地貌复杂，桥面离开谷底较高，桥址区的风特性一般无法通过抗风规范直接确定. 为确定深切峡谷桥址区高空的风特性，利用大桥施工过程中的猫道，在大桥跨中位置处布置了一套三维超声风速仪，对桥址区高空中的风特性进行了现场实测，获得了7 899条有效的脉动风速时程，以此为基础对桥址区高空的风特性（平均风速、风向、风攻角、紊流度、紊流积分尺度、功率谱）进行了分析. 研究结果表明：深切峡谷桥址区高空风特性受地形的影响已经明显减弱，其风攻角均值趋于0，同时高空的紊流积分尺度更加接近平原地区，紊流积分尺度均值比规范推荐值要大.Abstract: Long-span bridges built in deep gorges are usually inaccessible and it is difficult to obtain wind characteristics of these bridge sites from the wind-resistant design code owing to the complex terrain and the great gap between the deck and the valley bottom. To confirm the high-altitude wind characteristics of a bridge site in a deep gorge, field measurements of such properties were conducted using 3D sonic anemometers located in the mid-span and arranged on the catwalk during the construction process. A total of 7 899 valid fluctuating wind speed time series were obtained. On the basis of this data, the high-altitude wind characteristics of the bridge site were studied, including the average wind speed velocity, wind direction, wind attack angle, turbulence intensity, turbulence integral, and power spectrum densities. The results show that the impact of the landscape on the high-altitude wind characteristics of the bridge site in the deep gorge weakened substantially, while the wind attack angle tends to 0. Simultaneously, the turbulence integral at high altitude is more characteristic of that in plain regions, where the mean value is greater than that recommended by the wind-resistant design code.
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