基于FDS的列车车箱火灾烟气数值模拟

余明高; 陈静; 苏冠锋

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2017.04.023

基于FDS的列车车箱火灾烟气数值模拟

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2017.04.023

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1361205，51574111）

详细信息

作者简介:
余明高(1963—),男,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为火灾防治理论与技术,E-mail:13333910808@126.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 590
- HTML全文浏览量: 80
- PDF下载量: 202
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-06-22
- 刊出日期: 2017-08-25

Numerical Simulation of Fire-induced Smoke in Train Compartment Based on Fire Dynamics Simulation

摘要

摘要: 为了研究列车车厢内部火灾烟气的流动规律，以CRH2A动车组的一节车厢为原型，按照车厢车门开启状况、火源功率及空气幕出口风速分别设定9种工况，运用火灾模拟软件FDS对各工况下车厢内的烟气流动进行数值模拟，计算分析各工况下烟气扩散过程、车厢内部各区域能见度、烟气温度的分布及变化趋势.研究结果表明：车门关闭时烟气下降速度快，烟气温度高，烟气层高度低，能见度差；火源功率越大，车厢内实际热释放速率越大；综合考虑防烟的有效性和经济性，在车厢内部火灾功率为0.2 MW时，应开启车厢内部车门；空气幕可有效阻挡烟气蔓延，其出口速度为5 m/s时挡烟效果较好.
- 车厢火灾 /
- 空气幕 /
- 烟气控制 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: In order to examine the flow law of the fire-induced smoke in a train compartment, the study took the internal space of one compartment of the high-speed train CRH2A as a research object. Nine sets of working conditions were examined according to the states of the carriage doors, fire source power, and discharge velocity of the air curtain. The smoke flow law was numerically simulated under these different conditions using the fire dynamics simulation software. The smoke diffusion process, visibility within each area, and temperature distribution and tendency were calculated and analyzed for the internal fire. The results showed that when the doors were closed, the smoke temperature was relatively higher, the smoke layer descended more rapidly, and the visibility was lower than when the doors were open. In addition, a higher value for the fire power resulted in a higher value for the actual total heat releasing rate. Under the conditions that the fire source power was 0.2 MW and the doors were open, the best value for the outlet velocity of the air curtain was 5 m/s in consideration of the effectiveness of the preventive smoke and economic factors. These research results have specific theoretical and practical significances in relation to the guidelines for the efficient prevention and control of a train fire.
- compartment fire /
- air curtain /
- smoke control /
- numerical simulation

HTML全文

参考文献(22)

LI Yanfeng, LIN Xinxin, FENG Xiao, et al. Life safety evacuation for cross interchange subway station fire[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2012, 45: 741-747.

HU Longhua, ZHOU Jiwei, Huo Ran, et al. Confinement of fire-induced smoke and carbon monoxide transportation by air curtain in channels[J]. Journal of Hazard Material, 2008, 156: 327-334.

王云,程堂明,任永卫,等. 基于FDS模拟的动车车厢火灾烟气迁移特性研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术,2012,8(7): 24-29. WANG Yun, CEHNG Tangming, REN Yongwei, et al. Study on smoke migration characteristics of EMU compartment fire based on FDS simulation[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2012, 8(7): 24-29.

张山虎. 动车组列车火灾安全分析与评估研究[D]. 成都:西南交通大学消防工程,2011.

杨天佑. 高速列车火灾烟气防治研究[D]. 成都:西南交通大学消防工程,2011.

MO Shanjun, LI Zirong, LIANG Dong, et al. Analysis of smoke hazard in train compartment fire accidents based on FDS[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2013, 52: 284-289.

杜红兵,戚宜欣,袁绪忠,等. 运行列车车厢内火灾烟气特征与温度场分布的实验研究[J]. 中国铁道科学,1999,20(3): 31-36. DU Hongbing, QI Yixin, YUAN Zhongxu, et al. An experimental investigation of smoke flowingproperties in a running train[J]. China Railway Science, 1999, 20(3): 31-36.

郗艳红,顾丛汇. 地铁站台上列车车厢内部火灾的数值模拟分析[J]. 北京交通大学学报,2015,39(4): 70-76. XI Yanhong, GU Conghui. Numerical simulation on carriage fire characteristics in subway platform[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University, 2015, 39(4): 70-76.

FELIS F, PAVAGEAU M, ELICER-CORTES J C, et al. Simultaneous measurements of temperature and velocity fluctuations in a double stream twin jet air curtain for heat confinement in case of tunnel fire[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 37: 1191-1196.

LECAROS M, ELICER-CORTES J C, FUENTES A, et al. On the ability of twin jetsair curtains to confine heat and mass in side tunnels[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 37: 970-977.

GAO Ran, LI Angui, LEI Wenjun, et al. Study of a proposed tunnel evacuation passageway formed by opposite-double air curtain ventilation[J]. Safety Science, 2012, 50: 1549-1557.

何嘉鹏,李静娴,周汝,等. 高层建筑走廊-前室缓冲区防火效果的数值分析[J]. 土木建筑与环境工程,2011,33(1): 98-104. HE Jiapeng, LI Jingxian, ZHOU Ru, et al. Simulation of evacuating buffer in high-rise building fires[J]. Journal of Civil Architectural Environmental Engineering, 2011, 33(1): 98-104.

LUO Na, LI Angui, GAO Ran, et al. An experiment and simulation of smoke confinement and exhaust efficiency utilizing a modified opposite double-jet air curtain[J]. Safety Science, 2013, 55: 17-25.

黄冬梅,梅秀娟,兰彬,等. 出口风速对防烟空气幕防烟效果影响的数值模拟[J]. 中国安全生产科学与技术,2008,4(2): 31-34. HUANG Dongmei, MEI Xiujuan, LAN Bin, et al. Numerical simulation on the influence to the effectiveness of smoke-preventingair curtain by the air outlet velocity[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2008, 4(2): 31-34.

黄冬梅. 单吹式防烟空气幕防烟效果的数值模拟研究[D]. 成都:西南交通大学,2008.

陈俊敏,郑雪松,付永胜. 性能化防火设计中火灾场景设计的内容和方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2006,41(4): 213-217. CHEN Junmin, ZHENG Xuesong, FU Yongsheng. Contents and approach of fire scenario design in performance based fire protection[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2006, 41(4): 213-217.

陈俊敏,姚小林,阎刚,等. CRH1型动车组一等座车厢火源热释放速率研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术,2014(1): 5-10. CHEN Junmin, YAO Xiaolin, YAN Gang, et al. Study on heat release rate of first class compartment of CRH1 EMU train[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2014(1): 5-10.

KEVIN M G, BRYAN K, SIMO H, et al. Fire dynamics simulator[M]//Version 5: user's guide. Washington: United States of America Government Printing Office, 2009: 31.

喻波,杨高尚,彭立敏,等. 隧道火灾时人员安全疏散的模拟研究[J]. 中南公路工程,2006,31(1): 158-162. YU Bo, YANG Gaoshang, PENG Limin, et al. Simulation research on safe evacuation from tunnel in case of fire[J]. Central South Highway Engineering, 2006, 31(1): 158-162.

许秦坤,杨立中,张甲雷,等. 一端封闭隧道施工中火灾烟气流动的数值模拟分析[J]. 安全与环境学报,2010,10(5): 156-159. XU Qinkun, YANG Lizhong, ZHANG Jialei, et al. Analysis on numerical simulation to fire smoke flow in being constructed tunnel with one closed-end[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2010, 10(5): 156-159.

北京城建设计研究总院有限责任公司. GB 501572013 地铁设计规范[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2014.

马纪军,安超,张丽荣. 不同火源功率对列车火灾影响的FDS模拟与分析[J]. 大连交通大学学报,2011,32(6): 1-4. MA Jijun, AN Chao, ZHANG Lirong. FDS simulation and analysis of different fire power toward train fire influence[J]. Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University, 2011, 32(6): 1-4.

施引文献

附加材料(0)

访问统计

点击查看大图

计量

文章访问数: 590
HTML全文浏览量: 80
PDF下载量: 202
被引次数: 0

基于FDS的列车车箱火灾烟气数值模拟

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2017.04.023

作者简介: 余明高(1963—),男,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为火灾防治理论与技术,E-mail:13333910808@126.com

计量

出版历程

Numerical Simulation of Fire-induced Smoke in Train Compartment Based on Fire Dynamics Simulation

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
余明高(1963—),男,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为火灾防治理论与技术,E-mail:13333910808@126.com