故宫太和殿一层斗拱竖向加载试验

周乾; 闫维明; 慕晨曦; 杨慧

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2015.05.017

故宫太和殿一层斗拱竖向加载试验

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2015.05.017

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278013)

故宫博物院科研基金资助项目(KT2012-7)

文化部科技创新基金资助项目(17-2009)

详细信息

作者简介:
周乾(1975-),男,副研究员,博士后,研究方向为文物建筑抗震加固与振动控制,E-mail:qianzhou627@hotmail.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-11-27
- 刊出日期: 2015-10-25

Experimental Investigation of Bracket sets of 1st Eave of Taihe Palace in the Forbidden City under Vertical Loads

摘要

摘要: 为更好地保护古建筑,对故宫太和殿一层溜金斗拱在竖向荷载作用下的受力性能进行了静力试验.基于平身科、柱头科、角科斗拱的构造特征,制作 1:2 的比例模型进行竖向加载试验,讨论了不同斗拱在荷载作用下的破坏形式、内力及变形特征,探讨了斗拱的竖向刚度计算模型.结果表明:在竖向荷载作用下,太和殿一层斗拱的坐斗及与之相交的头翘、正心瓜拱容易破坏,下层构件受力小于上层构件;斗拱极限承载力从大到小依次为柱头科、角科和平身科,斗拱变形和残余变形从大到小依次为平身科、角科和柱头科,斗拱延性从大到小依次为平身科、柱头科和角科;溜金斗拱秤杆后尾受力不大.竖向荷载作用下太和殿一层斗拱竖向刚度计算可简化为三折线模型.
- 太和殿 /
- 静力试验 /
- 溜金斗拱
Abstract: To effectively protect Chinese ancient timber buildings, bracket sets (tou-kung) of 1st eave of Taihe Palace in the Forbidden City were taken as an example to investigate the bearing performances of Chinese ancient liujin type of bracket sets under vertical loads. Based on constitution characteristics of intermediate set, column set and corner set, models with a geometrical scaled ratio of 1 to 2 were built, and experiments under vertical loading were carried out. By the experiments, damage modes, internal forces and deformation of the bracket sets were discussed. In addition, a calculation model for vertical stiffness of the bracket sets was deduced. The experimental results show that under vertical loads, the top 2-layer parts of the bracket sets are easy to damage. Compared with the underparts, the upper parts of the bracket sets bear more loads. In three types of the bracket sets, i.e., column set, corner set and intermediate set, column set and intermediate set have respectively the largest and smallest ultimate bearing capacities; intermediate set has the greatest deformation and residual deformation, and corner set comes second; compared with column set, intermediate set has a great ductility performance, while the ductility performance of corner set is small. The internal force of back part of the balance arm is small. Under vertical loads, the calculation model for vertical stiffness of the bracket sets can be simplified as a 3-line model.
- Taihe Palace /
- static load experiment /
- bracket sets (tou-kung) of liujin constitution

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