Abstract: An improved DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method is used to evaluate the scientific and technological advancement of western China. The advancement rates of production technology, efficiency, and science and technology in different regions of western China from 1997 to 1999 are calculated, and the contributions of these advancement rates to the economic growth of each region are also calculated. The mean values of these evaluation indexes are compared with the national mean values to find out the advantages and gap between them, and to analyze the existing problems. This study is to provide a scientific foundation and a decision reference for reinforcement of the work of scientific and technological advancement in western China.