Abstract: A real-time and dynamic investigation of the meso-fracture behavior and strength characteristics of marble samples is carried out under a scanning electric microscope (SEM) instrumented with axial tensile/compression loading device of high precision. The influences of marble initial meso-fabric, the influences of stresses to the initial meso-fabric and magnitude of stress of the marble on the fracture creating and its pattern of extending are discussed. Also discussed is the relationship between the mechanical behavior of meso-fracture and the macro-mechanical performances. The method of preparing the rock samples used for the axial compression loading test under the SEM is also introduced.