Research on Syntheses of PU Microcapsule for Gene Engineering Cell
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摘要: 采用预聚-扩链-中和-分散溶解法,一步合成聚氨酯水溶液,再用凝聚相分离法合成聚氨酯微胶囊.探讨了聚氨酯水溶液和聚氨酯微胶囊的合成条件,包括二异氰酸酯单体种类对微胶囊的影响,聚乙二醇分子量对聚氨酯微胶囊制备的影响,总单体含量对聚氨酯微胶囊形态的影响,甲苯二异氰酸酯与聚乙二醇配比的影响及反应时间、反应温度和搅拌速度等的影响.用红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪和扫描电子显微镜对聚氨酯微胶囊进行表征,测出聚氨酯微胶囊直径2 mm,内腔直径50~500μm,膜孔直径20~100 nm.研究表明,合成稳定的膜孔径一定且具有微相分离结构的聚氨酯微胶囊的最佳条件是:预聚温度为60℃,扩链温度为50℃,中和温度为30℃;预聚和扩链时间均为2 h;预聚和扩链搅拌速度为500~600 r/min,分散溶解的搅拌速度为700~800 r/min.
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关键词:
- 聚氨酯微胶囊 /
- 预聚-扩链-中和-分散溶解 /
- 凝聚相分离法 /
- 微相分离结构
Abstract: Polyurethane(PU) water solutions were synthesized by combining the prepolymerization,chain-extension,neutralization and dispersion-diffluence methods in one step.And PU microcapsules were synthesized with the coacervation phase separation method.The synthetic conditions of PU water solutions and PU microcapsules were investigated,including the effects of the kinds of diisocyanate,the feed ratios of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate(TDI) and polyethylene glycol(PEG),reaction temperature,reaction time and stirred velocity on the morphology of PU microcapsules.The PU microcapsules were synthesized with TDI,PEG,dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA) and triethylamine(TEA).The structure and morphology of the PU microcapsules were measured with infrared spectrum(IR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The diameter of the globose PU microcapsules is 2 mm or so,the cavity diameter in the PU microcapsules is 50 to 500 μm,and the membrane orifice diameter of the PU microcapsules is 20 to 100 nm.Furtheremore,the optimal conditions of synthesizing the stable, good morphology and microphase separation structural PU microcapsules were given.These conditions are as follows: the prepolymerization,chain-extension and neutralization temperatures are 60,50 and 30℃ respectively,both the times of prepolymerization and chain-extension are 2 h,the stirring velocities of prepolymerization and chain-extension are 500 to 600 r/min,and the stirring velocity of dissolution is 700 to 800 r/min. -
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