- ISSN 0258-2724
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| Citation: | KANG Guozheng, CHEN Kaijuan, WANG Junye. Current Research Status and Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence-Based 4D Printing[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20260059
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4D printing is an innovative technology integrating additive manufacturing with smart materials. Under specific external stimuli, the printed materials can achieve autonomous deformation, which has great application potential in fields such as biomedicine and soft robotics. Its core goal is to realize the dynamic adaptation of structure and function. However, the technology currently faces problems such as poor response synergy of printed materials, difficulty in predicting deformation behavior, high computational costs of structural design, and non-uniqueness of inverse design results. Artificial intelligence provides key support for solving these interdisciplinary complex problems and is the core driving force to promote the intelligent development of 4D printing. The current application status of artificial intelligence in 4D printing was systematically reviewed. The applications of machine learning methods in 4D printing materials, processes, and the forward and inverse designs of structures were emphatically elaborated. The advantages and application potentials of neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence in 4D printing were analyzed, and the practical engineering applications of artificial intelligence-driven 4D printing were summarized. Finally, the remaining challenges in applying artificial intelligence to 4D printing, such as insufficient interpretability, weak generalization ability, and inadequate research on structural fatigue and functional fatigue, were summarized, and future research directions were prospected.
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