- ISSN 0258-2724
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| Citation: | LIU Guoxiang, MAO Wenfei, WANG Xiaowen, ZHANG Rui, JIA Hongguo. A Review of Key Technologies for Fine-Scale InSAR Monitoring of Geological Hazards Along High-Speed Railways[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2026, 61(3): 785-805. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20260043
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With the continuous expansion of China’s high-speed railway network and its advancement to the central and western regions with complex geological environments, geological hazards such as land subsidence, landslides, and permafrost pose severe threats to the structural and operational safety of railways. The key technologies and research progress of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) in the fine-scale monitoring of geological hazards along high-speed railways were systematically reviewed. Firstly, the mainstream Chinese and international “space-air-ground” SAR systems were sorted out, and the complementary advantages of spaceborne, airborne, and ground-based SAR in the multi-level geological hazard monitoring system of “wide-area general survey, detailed survey of key areas, and local real-time monitoring” were pointed out. Secondly, the key technologies for fine-scale InSAR deformation monitoring to ensure high-speed railway safety were emphatically analyzed, including: deploying artificial corner reflectors (CR) to solve the monitoring difficulties in low-coherence areas; constructing a multi-level coherent target network of permanent scatterer (PS)-distributed scatterer (DS)-CR to achieve high-precision extraction of surface deformation along long-distance railways; utilizing multi-source data fusion to recover multi-dimensional deformation fields, and conducting high spatial-temporal resolution deformation observation through “space-air-ground” collaboration to compensate for the limitations of single SAR orbit observation. Finally, the current challenges faced in aspects such as atmospheric correction under complex environments and disaster early warning were discussed, and the development trend of artificial intelligence empowerment and multi-source integrated perception was prospected, so as to provide key theoretical and technical references for the active safety monitoring and risk prevention and control of high-speed railways.
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