Optimization Analysis and Monitoring of Construction Process of Open Spherical Reticulated Shell Structure with a Large Rise-to-Span Ratio

To ensure the construction safety of the complex spatial grid structure, the optimization analysis and monitoring of the construction process were carried out. An open single-layer spherical reticulated shell structure with a large rise-to-span ratio was taken as an example, and the construction process of this complex special-shaped structure was simulated through finite element analysis (FEA). By changing the boundary conditions of the support, the shape of the rib axis, and the support mode of the temporary support jig frame, different FEA models were established. The stress variations of key members and the structural displacement were analyzed to optimize the construction process. On this basis, the arc rod model with a temporary support jig frame was used as the final calculation model for construction process simulation, and the calculation results before and after unloading were compared with the on-site monitoring data to verify the accuracy of the FEA model in simulating the construction process. The failure sensitivity of the temporary support jig frame was further studied to avoid structural safety problems. The results show that the FEA model is consistent with the actual structure. The stress of each measuring point before and after unloading changes slightly, and the maximum tensile and compressive stress changes are 10.61 MPa and −5.67 MPa, respectively. The special-shaped spherical reticulated shell with a large rise-to-span ratio is in a controllable state during construction. The failure of a certain temporary support jig frame would have a great influence on member stress and structural displacement in the adjacent area. The maximum change of the member stress is 28.00 MPa, and that of the vertical displacement is 13 mm. Therefore, the reliability of the support jig frame shall be ensured during the construction.