Control Mode of Waterway Traffic under Dangerous Mountain Landslide Conditions

The control mode of waterway traffic under dangerous mountain landslide conditions was studied to safeguard ship navigation and enhance the transportation efficiency of water channels. Large-scale surge generated by paroxysmal mountain landslides was considered based on a considerable amount of case data, conclusions from physical model experiments, conclusions from consulting the literature, and data from practical investigation. The occurrence probability of mountain landslides was estimated according to the stage of landslides deformation and effects of external environmental forces. The maritime risk caused by mountain landslides was assessed according to the stage of landslides deformation, the scale of the surge generated by mountain landslides, and effects of external environmental forces and restricted environmental conditions on ships. The control mode of waterway traffic, which included forms of traffic control and prohibited levels of ship traffic, was designed based on evolving traits of maritime risk. The form of traffic control should depend on the estimated occurrence probability of mountain landslide, and the prohibited level of ship traffic should depend on maritime risk caused by the mountain landslide. A case study shows that, when the occurrence probability of a mountain landslide is 0.6 and the maritime risk of a mountain landslide is 1.80, the alert mode of traffic control must be adopted. When the occurrence probability is 0.6 and the maritime risk is 2.25, the mode of traffic control with a definite ship flow form must be adopted. When the occurrence probability is 0.72 and the maritime risk is 2.16, the mode of traffic control with definite ship objects and definite time must be adopted; when the occurrence probability is 0.72 and the maritime risk is 2.70, the prohibited mode of traffic control is necessary.