Experimental Study on Injection Stability of Common Rail Injector Based on Spray Momentum Method

ZHAO Jianhui; XU Yu; YANG Guichun; XU Dan; WANG Wei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230335

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Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University > 2025 >

ZHAO Jianhui, XU Yu, YANG Guichun, XU Dan, WANG Wei. Experimental Study on Injection Stability of Common Rail Injector Based on Spray Momentum Method[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230335

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ZHAO Jianhui, XU Yu, YANG Guichun, XU Dan, WANG Wei. Experimental Study on Injection Stability of Common Rail Injector Based on Spray Momentum Method[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230335

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Experimental Study on Injection Stability of Common Rail Injector Based on Spray Momentum Method

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230335

1.
College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
2.
China North Engine Research Institute, Tianjin 300400, China

Received Date: 10 Jul 2023
Rev Recd Date: 04 Jan 2024

Available Online: 18 Jul 2024

Abstract

Abstract

In order to study the injection law of each nozzle hole of the common rail injector, an injection pattern measuring device for multi-hole injectors was developed based on the momentum method. Under different load conditions, the developed device was used to measure the injection rate of each nozzle hole of the injector, and the difference was compared with the measurement results of the commercial single injection instrument EMI 2. Under different injection pressures, the injection stability of the single injection hole was studied. The research findings indicate that at low injection pressure, the fluctuation rate of the injection decreases with increasing injection pulse width, with an overall fluctuation rate of 10%–20%. At this point, the needle valve cannot fully open, leading to significant fluctuations in the injection due to unstable fuel flow between the needle valve and its seat. At high injection pressure, the needle valve is more likely to reach maximum lift, and thus the inconsistency in nozzle hole parameters becomes the key factor causing fluctuations in the nozzle hole injection. Within the range of injection pulse width of 0.5–2.0 ms, the fluctuation rate of the injection is within 5%, much lower than the fluctuation rate of nozzle hole injection under low injection pressure conditions. This indicates that the inability of the needle valve to reach maximum lift is the primary cause of injection instability in common rail injectors.
- injection stability,
- fluctuation rate of injection,
- spray momentum method,
- circulation injection quality,
- high pressure common rail fuel system

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